Understanding Tyrer-Cuzick Model

Advances in genomics and risk stratification enable us to tailor recommendations for individual patients for breast cancer screening. In particular, risk assessment identifies women candidates for additional screening, genetic counselling, or genetic testing.

As a complement to their range of breast cancer screening and diagnostic services, many medical research centres have added the Tyrer-Cuzick (Version 8) risk assessment tool to provide personalized medicine.

The Tyrer-Cuzik (Version 8) model incorporates a comprehensive set of variables to evaluate the breast cancer risk of a woman's lifetime. It identifies women with higher than average breast cancer risk who may benefit from additional breast MRI or breast ultrasound screening. The data collected also identify families at high risk for hereditary cancer who may benefit from a consultation on genetics.

Less than 15% (Average risk)

It is recommended to continue the annual screening of mammography. For women with heterogeneously dense or extremely dense breast tissue, screening with tomosynthesis is preferred.

15-19% risk (Intermediate risk)

Additional screening could be considered for women falling with heterogeneously dense or extremely dense breast tissue in this risk category after discussion of the risks of false positive and insurance issues. There is insufficient evidence for this risk group to recommend for or against additional screening. MRI or ultrasound breast screening may be suitable for selected patients.

Greater than 20% (High risk)

In addition to annual screening mammography, the American Cancer Society recommends annual screening of breast MRI irrespective of density. If the patient can not receive MRI, additional ultrasound screening may be appropriate in addition to routine mammography. Ultrasound can be considered for adjunctive screening after weighing benefits and risks for women with elevated risk limited to increased breast density.